《九歌·山鬼》所祀何神 ,历来众说纷纭。但从文字学的角度来看 ,“山鬼”的本字应为“隗” ,“隗”与“归”、“夔”通用 ,这说明作为“山神”的“山鬼” ,并非一般的鬼怪 ,而应是古“归国”的始祖———夔。考稽史料中关于夔、夔族、夔国的记载 ,也显示出《九歌·山鬼》与夔其人及祀夔乐内容的某种一致性。因此 ,作为中国上古音乐文学性质作品的《九歌·山鬼》 ,应源于古夔国的祀夔乐 God of worship “Nine Songs · Mountain Ghost” has always been controversial. However, from a philological point of view, the characters of “Shan Gui” should be “隗”, “隗” and “Gui” and “夔”. This shows that the “Shan Gui” as a “mountain god” is not ordinary Ghosts, but the ancient “returnees” ancestor --- 夔. The historical records on 夔, 夔 ethnic, 夔 country records, but also shows the “Nine Songs · Mountain Ghost” and 夔 others and worship music content of some kind of consistency. Therefore, as a Chinese ancient music and musical works of nature, “Nine Songs, Mountain Ghost,” should originate from the ancient worship of the country music