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肿瘤研究的一个主要方向是开发高效无毒副作用的药物载体系统。聚合物胶束由内部可装载难溶性药物的疏水内核,外部能提高体内运输作用的亲水外壳组成,粒径一般为10～100nm左右。这种粒径范围的载药体系既能逃脱肾脏的排泄清除,又能躲避内皮网状系统的吞噬,延长药物在血液中的循环时间。聚合物胶束结合肿瘤靶向在化疗方面的应用,能够有效改善化疗药物的水溶性,提高化疗药物的利用率和抗肿瘤活性,降低对机体正常细胞组织的毒副作用,克服多药耐药性问题,进而极大地提高了肿瘤化疗效果和促进了肿瘤化疗的发展进步。本文着重综述聚合物胶束在化疗药物载药与靶向策略方面的研究现状与进展。
One of the major directions of oncology research is to develop a drug carrier system that is highly efficient and has no toxic side effects. The polymer micelles are composed of a hydrophobic inner core which can be loaded with a poorly-soluble drug and a hydrophilic outer shell which can enhance the transportation function inside the body. The particle size is generally about 10 to 100 nm. This particle size range of drug delivery system can escape both the excretion of the kidneys, but also to avoid phagocytosis of the endothelial reticular system to extend drug circulation time in the blood. Polymer micelles combined with tumor targeting in chemotherapy applications, can effectively improve the water-soluble chemotherapeutic drugs, improve the utilization of chemotherapy drugs and anti-tumor activity, reduce the body’s normal cell tissue toxicity and overcome multidrug resistance Problems, and thus greatly enhance the effectiveness of cancer chemotherapy and promote the development of cancer chemotherapy progress. This review focuses on the current situation and progress of polymer micelles in drug delivery and targeting strategies.