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目的了解广东省常规免疫数据报告质量,为指导今后常规免疫接种率监测工作和制定策略提供科学依据。方法收集广东省2010-2012年儿童卡介苗(BCG)、乙肝疫苗(HepB)、脊灰疫苗(PV)、百白破疫苗(DPT)、含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV)、乙脑疫苗(JE)、A群流脑疫苗(MenA)和甲肝疫苗(HepA)常规免疫接种数据,采用D值法、R值法、脱漏率以及与疫苗用量比较法对报告接种率的可靠性进行评价。结果 2010-2012年广东省8种免疫规划疫苗报告接种率在91.31%~99.71%之间,估算接种率在39.38%~106.18%之间。各年HepB、PV、DPT、MCV的D值评价均为可信,HepA的D值评价均为不可信,JE的D值评价均为可疑,2011、2012年BCG和MenA的D值评价均为可疑。HepB、PV和JE的R值评价均为可信,HepA的R值评价均为不可信,2011、2012年BCG和MenA的R值评价为可疑。各年流动儿童HepB和MenA的脱漏率,以及2010年本地儿童MenA的脱漏率均超过10%。DPT和JE的估算损耗系数与参考损耗系数较为接近,而HepA的估算损耗系数与参考损耗系数有较大差别。结论广东省常规免疫报告接种数据存在漏报和虚报情况,报告接种率不能真实反映实际接种情况,数据报告质量有待提高。
Objective To understand the quality of routine immunization data in Guangdong Province and provide a scientific basis for future routine immunization coverage monitoring and formulation of strategies. Methods Children with BCG, HepB, PV, DPT, MCV, JE were collected from Guangdong Province during 2010-2012. Group A meningitis vaccine (MenA) and hepatitis A vaccine (HepA) routine immunization data, the use of D value method, R value method, the rate of leakage and the vaccine dose comparison method to evaluate the reliability of reported vaccination rates. Results The vaccination coverage rates of vaccines of eight immunization programs in Guangdong Province between 2010 and 2012 ranged from 91.31% to 99.71%, and the estimated vaccination rates ranged from 39.38% to 106.18%. D value of HepB, PV, DPT and MCV in each year were all credible, D value of HepA was not credible, D value of JE was suspicious, D value of BCG and MenA in 2011 and 2012 were both suspicious. The R values of HepB, PV, and JE were both reliable and the R values of HepA were unreliable. The R values of BCG and MenA in 2011 and 2012 were evaluated as suspicious. Leakage rates of migrant children HepB and MenA in each year, and local children’s AOA in 2010, exceeded 10%. The estimated loss factor of DPT and JE is close to the reference loss factor, while the estimated loss factor of HepA is greatly different from the reference loss factor. Conclusion There are some omissions and false reports in routine vaccination reports in Guangdong Province. The report vaccination rate can not truly reflect the situation of actual inoculation, and the quality of data reporting needs to be improved.