合成孔径激光成像雷达(SAIL)时空散斑效应严重影响了成像质量。在时空散斑效应基础上,分析了合成孔径激光成像雷达中的散斑天线接收特性,建立了光学接收天线散斑孔径积分场的物理模型,模拟了目标分辨单元光学接收天线散斑孔径积分场距离向时间变化、方位向空间变化的二维分布。分析了不同接收天线散斑尺度比、不同天线积分起始位置对接收天线散斑孔径积分场的影响,并根据其统计性质得到散斑效应影响较小的接收天线尺寸和接收天线积分范围,为合理设计散斑效应较小的接收天线尺寸提供了参考,对进一步分析时空散斑效应如何影响SAIL目标成像有直接意义。 Synthetic aperture laser imaging radar (SAIL) spatiotemporal speckle effect has seriously affected the imaging quality. Based on the spatiotemporal speckle effect, the receiving characteristics of speckle antenna in synthetic aperture laser imaging radar are analyzed, and the physical model of the speckle aperture integral field of optical receiving antenna is established. The speckle aperture integral field of the optical receiving antenna of the target resolving unit Distance to the time, azimuth to space changes in the two-dimensional distribution. The effect of speckle scaling ratio of different receiving antennas and the initial position of integral of different antenna on speckle aperture integral field of receiving antenna is analyzed, and the size of receiving antenna and the receiving antenna integral range which are less affected by speckle effect are obtained according to their statistical properties. Reasonable design of the receiving antenna with small speckle effect provides a reference for further analysis of how space-time speckle effects affect the target imaging of SAIL has a direct meaning.