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关于艺术的发生,历来存在着模仿说、游戏说、巫术说三种起源理论。本文认为,艺术活动离不开人的生产劳动,审美艺术的发生最终是人们生产劳动的产物。史前艺术的特征,是艺术活动直接来源于人们的物质活动,因而有着鲜明的功利意识与实用目的,是实用意识与审美意识结合的结晶。而史前艺术的功能,除了实用与审美意义外,还具有传达与交流思想、情感、意志、愿望等象征性功能或符号意义,这种符号功能是原始人类从动作思维向意向性、抽象性思维转化的过渡形式,是原始人类主体内在精神外化的物质手段。
On the occurrence of art, there has always been a theory of imitation, game theory and witchcraft theory of three origins. This article argues that art activities can not be separated from human productive labor, and the appearance of aesthetic art is ultimately the product of people’s productive labor. The characteristic of prehistoric art is that art activities are directly derived from the material activities of people and therefore have a distinct utilitarian and practical purpose. They are the result of a combination of practical awareness and aesthetic awareness. The function of prehistoric art, in addition to practical and aesthetic significance, also has the symbolic or symbolic meanings of communicating and exchanging ideas, emotions, wills and aspirations. The symbolic function of primitive art is that the primitive human beings move from the action thinking to the intentionality and the abstract thinking The transitional form of transformation is the material means of extrinsic spiritualization of the primitive human subject.