在过去20年中国公民社会的发展过程中,基于地方实践出现了不同的社会管理模式,中国也即将在国家层面出台有关公民社会管理的新规。北京的实践表明,地方官员对民间社团的认识并未对民间社团的发展产生决定性影响,而公共福利的地方化、将公共福利的配送与官员的仕途升迁挂钩,则共同推动了政府与民间社团进行合作的认识。然而,这一认识又因国外民间组织对抗政府的案例和2008年经济危机中政府主导经济的强劲发展而受到冲击。种种矛盾认识的彼此融合形成了协商式威权主义模式。这种模式鼓励相对自治的民间社团的自主发展,也提倡政府采取更加间接的管控机制。协商式威权主义促进了中国的地方政府治理。这就挑战了威权体制之下无法产生自治的公民社会以及公民社会是民主化指标的观念。 In the course of the development of civil society in China in the past 20 years, different social management models have emerged based on local practices and China is about to issue a new regulation on civil society management at the national level. Beijing’s practice shows that local officials’ understanding of civil society does not have a decisive influence on the development of civil society. Localization of public welfare and linking the distribution of public welfare with the official promotion of officials promote the joint efforts of government and civil society Understanding of cooperation. However, this awareness has been hit by the case of foreign non-governmental organizations fighting against the government and the strong government-led economy in the 2008 economic crisis. All kinds of contradictory understanding of the integration of each other to form a consultative authoritarian mode. This model encourages the autonomous development of relatively autonomous civil society and also encourages the government to adopt a more indirect control mechanism. Consultative authoritarianism promotes the governance of local governments in China. This challenged the notion that civil society, which can not generate autonomy under authoritarian regimes, and that civil society is an indicator of democratization.