目的　探讨我国道路伤害的特征、发展趋势及其决定因素。　方法　采用国家统计局、公安部交通管理局和疾病监测中心有关数据库资料 ,评价我国城市机动化程度、交通安全水平和人身安全水平。　结果　 1949～ 1997年来我国道路伤害发生数增加到 5 8.45倍 (5 92 2～ 34 612 9) ,死亡人数增加到 91.6 3倍 (85 2～ 780 6 7)。城市机动化程度 1949年为 0 .0 9‰ ,1975年为0 .99‰ ,1985年为 5 .30‰ ,1998年为 15 .97‰。 1998年共发生道路伤害 34 6 12 9起 ,死亡 780 6 7人 ,受伤 2 2 2 72 1人。　结论　道路伤害受机动化程度和交通环境的共同影响 ,交通安全水平提高 ,人身安全水平也随之提高。 Objective To explore the characteristics, development trends and determinants of road injuries in China. Methods The database of National Bureau of Statistics, Traffic Management Bureau of Ministry of Public Security and Disease Surveillance Center were used to evaluate the degree of motorization, traffic safety and personal safety in our country. Results From 1949 to 1997, the number of road injuries in China increased to 5 8.45 times (5 92 2 ~ 34 612 9) and the death toll increased to 91.6 3 times (85 2 ~ 780 6 7). The degree of urban mobility was 0.90% in 1949, 0.99% in 1975, 5.30% in 1985 and 15.97% in 1998. A total of 34,612,9 road injuries occurred in 1998, killing 780,67 and injuring 2,212,721. Conclusions The road injury is affected by both the degree of motorization and the traffic environment. The level of traffic safety is also raised, and the level of personal safety is also raised.