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现代汉语名词中存在着这样一类特殊的指人名词,它们不是具体的称呼和称谓,而是通过人的头脑对客观世界的反映和认知而形成的。如:墙头草、老古董、白眼狼、孺子牛、万金油等等,它们的核心意义都是指人。本文对认知类指人名词的分类进行列举分析,并对其语义功能进行考察,指出认知类指人名词在动态发展过程中意义的变化,是产生一词多义的重要原因,本文还对认知类指人名词在语境中的表达进行考察,以探求其语用价值。
In modern Chinese nouns there exists such a kind of special finger nouns, which are not specific appellations and appellations, but formed through the reflection and cognition of the human mind on the objective world. Such as: wall grass, antiques, Wolverine, bullock cattle, butter, etc., their core meaning refers to people. In this paper, enumeration and analysis of the classification of cognitive nouns and their semantic functions are pointed out. It is pointed out that cognitive nouns refer to the change of meaning in the process of dynamic development, which is an important reason for polysemy. Cognitive category refers to the terminology in the context of the survey to explore its pragmatic value.