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对装载机两种类型的工作装置——六连杆工作装置与八连杆工作装置进行简要介绍,并对其主要部件动臂进行结构力学对比分析。首先,分析在装载机典型作业过程中动臂的承载工况与作业载荷,其中重点分析偏载工况下动臂承载的特点。其次,建立两种动臂的有限元分析模型,为了提高分析的准确性,采用接触单元法来模拟动臂与销轴之间的连接作用。最后,对有限元分析结果进行解读,得出如下结论:八连杆动臂承受偏载的能力要弱于六连杆动臂。因此,在设计上要注重提高八连杆动臂的抗偏载能力,同时,在适应工况上,八连杆装载机更适用于松散物料的铲装,或配合快换货叉来进行大体积货物的搬运装卸作业,而不适用于坚实物料的铲掘等重载作业工况。
Two types of working equipment - six-bar linkage and eight-bar linkage are introduced briefly. The structural mechanics of the main boom of the loader is compared and analyzed. First of all, analyze the load conditions and working load of the boom during the typical operation of the loader. The characteristics of the boom load under partial load conditions are analyzed emphatically. Secondly, two kinds of boom finite element analysis models are established. In order to improve the accuracy of the analysis, the contact element method is used to simulate the connection between the boom and the pin. Finally, the results of the finite element analysis, the following conclusions drawn: eight-link boom partial load capacity is weaker than the six-link boom. Therefore, the design should focus on improving the anti-eccentric load capacity of eight-link boom, while adapting to the conditions, the eight-link loader is more suitable for loose material shoveling, or with fast forks to carry out large Handling of bulk cargo handling operations, but not for solid material excavation and other heavy-duty operating conditions.