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测定了莱州湾表层沉积物中重金属质量分数,探讨了它们的分布特征、来源及污染程度,平均值分别为Cu13.3 mg/kg,Zn 59.4 mg/kg,Pb 20.2 mg/kg,Cd 0.081 mg/kg,Cr 57.1 mg/kg,Ni 19.4 mg/kg,As 13.1 mg/kg和Hg 0.053 mg/kg。空间分布上,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Ni,Cr和Hg东西方向由岸向湾中心质量分数呈递减趋势,北部海域重金属质量分数普遍大于南部海域。富集因子结果表明,Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr和Ni无明显富集,主要来自岩石的自然风化;As和Pb中度富集,既有自然源的贡献,也受到了人为活动的影响;Hg主要受人类活动的影响。生态风险分析显示,全部站位的As及近半站位的Ni质量分数位于效应浓度低值(ERL)与效应浓度中值(ERM)之间,只是偶尔产生不利的生态效应;全部站位的Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Hg和Cr(除L10质量分数在ERL与ERM之间)均低于ERL,几乎不会产生不利的生态效应。黄河口外和西北缘近岸海域沉积物的综合环境质量较差,应引起重视。
The content of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Laizhou Bay was determined and their distribution characteristics, sources and degree of pollution were discussed. The average values were Cu13.3 mg / kg, Zn59.4 mg / kg, Pb20.2 mg / kg, Cd0.0881 mg / kg, Cr 57.1 mg / kg, Ni 19.4 mg / kg, As 13.1 mg / kg and Hg 0.053 mg / kg. In the spatial distribution, the mass fraction of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, and Hg in the east-west direction decreased from shore to bay, and the mass fraction of heavy metals in the northern sea area was generally higher than that in the southern sea. The enrichment factor results show that there is no obvious enrichment of Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr and Ni, mainly from the natural weathering of rocks; As and Pb are moderately enriched, both from natural sources and human activities; Hg is mainly affected by human activities. Ecological risk analysis showed that the As and nearly half of the stations at all stations were located between the low ERL and the medium-effect concentration (ERM) with only occasional adverse ecological effects. All stations Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Hg and Cr (except L10 mass fraction between ERL and ERM) were lower than ERL with almost no adverse ecological effects. The comprehensive environmental quality of the sediments near the Yellow Sea estuary and the coastal areas in the northwestern margin is poor, which deserves our attention.