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为了探讨提升流动儿童主观幸福感的内在机制,本研究采用心理韧性量表、流动儿童社会认同量表、主观幸福感量表对北京市842名3-6年级的流动儿童进行调查,通过方差分析、相关及结构方程模型等统计方法探析流动儿童心理韧性、社会认同及主观幸福感之间的关系。研究发现:(1)流动儿童主观幸福感在不同性别、不同学校类型、年级上均存在显著差异,且公立学校、女生、低年级流动儿童的主观幸福感水平更高;(2)流动儿童老家总认同和城市总认同在心理韧性对主观幸福感的影响上起中介作用,依据拒绝认同理论,流动儿童通过拒绝城市总认同、提高老家总认同,进而提升他们的主观幸福感。
In order to explore the underlying mechanism of improving the subjective well-being of migrant children, this study investigated 842 migrant children aged 3-6 in Beijing using the resilience scale, social identity scale of migrant children and subjective well-being scale, and analyzed by ANOVA , Correlation and structural equation modeling and other statistical methods to explore the relationship between migrant children’s psychological resilience, social identity and subjective well-being. The study found that: (1) Subjective well-being of migrant children showed significant differences in gender, school type and grade, and the level of subjective well-being of migrant children in public schools, girls and lower grades were higher; (2) According to the theory of denial of identity, migrant children raise their general approval of their hometown and enhance their sense of subjective well-being by rejecting the general approval of the city.