自我效能感是由美国心理学家班杜拉于1977年首次提出的,是其社会认知理论中的核心概念①。它是个体以自身为对象思维的一种方式,是指个体对自己面对环境中的挑战能否采取适应性行为的知觉或信念。按照班杜拉的理论,具有 Self-efficacy was first proposed by American psychologist Bentura in 1977 as the core concept in his social cognitive theory. It is a way for an individual to think in terms of himself and refers to the individual’s perception or beliefs about whether he or she can adopt adaptive behavior in the face of environmental challenges. According to Bandura’s theory, there is