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目的分析口腔正畸治疗对口腔中细菌微生态的影响。方法选取2015年1月—2016年1月行口腔正畸治疗的80例患者作为观察组,选取75例牙周正常志愿者为对照组。两组均取牙龈沟液体开展细菌培养,并行碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)活性检测,对观察组正畸前后及与对照组的检测结果进行对比分析。计量资料组间比较采用t检验,组内比较采用配对t检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果观察组治疗1、3个月后的球菌、杆菌分布分别为(30.7±1.5)%、(44.5±1.4)%、(23.4±1.2)%、(30.5±1.0)%,均较对照组的(54.8±1.8)%、(29.8±1.3)%有所降低,梭状菌、螺旋体分布为(20.3±1.3)%、(11.6±1.3)%、(18.8±1.6)%、(7.8±1.5)%,比对照组的(4.8±0.7)%、(3.3±0.6)%有所增加,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组治疗1、3个月的卟啉单胞菌(Pg)、核梭杆菌(Fn)、福塞氏类杆菌(Bf)及伴放线杆菌(Aa)检出率分别为18.8%、13.8%、37.5%、33.8%、31.3%、28.8%、47.5%、43.8%,均显著高于对照组的5.3%、16.0%、5.3%、13.3%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组治疗后1、3个月的ALP活性分别为(151.44±87.42)、(192.28±55.31)μU/30s,均高于对照组的(95.04±40.91)μU/30s,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论口腔正畸治疗会对口腔细菌微生物生态环境产生影响,同时会引起ALP活性变化,可能引发牙龈炎性病变,因而要加以重视和预防。
Objective To analyze the effect of oral orthodontic treatment on the bacterial microecology in oral cavity. Methods Eighty patients with oral orthodontic treatment from January 2015 to January 2016 were selected as the observation group and 75 normal periodontal volunteers were selected as the control group. Gingival crevicular fluid was taken in both groups to carry out bacterial culture. The activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was detected in the two groups. The test results before and after orthodontics in the observation group were compared with those in the control group. Measurement data were compared between groups using t test, the group was compared using paired t test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The distributions of cocci and bacilli in the observation group were (30.7 ± 1.5)%, (44.5 ± 1.4)%, (23.4 ± 1.2)% and (30.5 ± 1.0)%, respectively, (54.8 ± 1.8)% and (29.8 ± 1.3)% respectively. The distribution of spirochetes and spirochetes were (20.3 ± 1.3)%, (11.6 ± 1.3)%, (18.8 ± 1.6)% and % Compared with the control group (4.8 ± 0.7)%, (3.3 ± 0.6)%, the difference was statistically significant (all P <0.05). The detection rates of Pg, Fn, Bf and Aa in observation group were 18.8% and 13.8 %, 37.5%, 33.8%, 31.3%, 28.8%, 47.5% and 43.8% respectively, all of which were significantly higher than that of the control group (5.3%, 16.0%, 5.3% and 13.3% ). The ALP activities in the observation group at 1, 3 months after operation were (151.44 ± 87.42) and (192.28 ± 55.31) μU / 30s, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (95.04 ± 40.91) μU / 30s (All P <0.05). Conclusion Orthodontics treatment will have an impact on the microbial environment of oral bacteria, meanwhile it will cause ALP activity change, which may cause gingivitis lesions, so we should pay attention to it and prevent it.