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以铁道车辆横向减振器为研究对象,在Easy5环境下建立了减振器液压控制模型并通过试验验证了所建模型的精确性。选取各个阀系主要结构参数,通过数字正交试验分析了各个参数对减振器性能的影响。研究结果表明:减振器各阀系结构参数对阻尼力影响最大的为阻尼阀孔径,最小为底阀孔径。阻尼阀孔径和活塞单向阀孔径分别随着其值的增大最大阻尼力逐渐减小;弹簧刚度和预紧力随着其值的增大最大阻尼力逐渐增大;常通孔径在0.05-0.1 cm范围内变化对最大阻尼力影响较小,在0.1-0.15 cm范围内随着孔径增大最大阻尼力逐渐减小;底阀孔径随着其值的变化对最大阻尼力影响较小。本试验以减振器最大阻尼力为评价指标则D_1(0.75)、D_2(0.1)、D_3(1.1)、D_4(2.0)、K_1(3 200)、F_1(300)为的最佳组合。
Taking the transverse shock absorber of railway vehicle as the research object, the hydraulic control model of the shock absorber is established under the environment of Easy5 and the accuracy of the model is verified through experiments. Select the main structural parameters of each valve system, the impact of various parameters on the performance of the shock absorber is analyzed by digital orthogonal test. The results show that the most influential parameters of damper structure on the damping force are the diameter of the damping valve and the minimum diameter of the valve. The maximum damping force gradually decreases with the increase of the value of the diameter of the damping valve and the diameter of the piston check valve. The maximum damping force gradually increases with the increasing of the spring stiffness and the pretightening force. The change of 0.1 cm has little effect on the maximum damping force. The maximum damping force decreases gradually with the increase of the aperture in the range of 0.1-0.15 cm. The change of the valve diameter of the bottom valve has little effect on the maximum damping force. In this test, the best combination of D_1 (0.75), D_2 (0.1), D_3 (1.1), D_4 (2.0), K_1 (3 200) and F_1 (300)