论文部分内容阅读
古籍医方中经常出现名为“一字”的剂量名称,如“每服一字”’“各一字”,“用一字”等等,其“一字”何义?曾有人认为,“古代用铜钱量取药末,占铜钱上一个字的容量,相当于一分五厘左右”(见1977年人卫版《<串雅外编>选注》卷二,婴儿疟疾条注释)。笔者认为,此释欠确切。考元·朱震亨《丹溪心法》有“夺命丹,铜绿一字”记载。明·龚信《古今医鉴》内“化生丸”即此方,其载的铜绿量为“二分半”。可知“一字”当为“二分半”之谓。明·李梃《医学入门》在“释方”一节中言:“古方一钱四字,一字二分半也。”可见古方中之“一字”剂量,实应指二分五厘,而不是“一分五厘左右”。宋代钱乙《小儿药证直诀》“紫草散”条云:“发斑疹:钩藤钩子、紫草茸各等分。上为细末,每服一字或五分、一钱,温酒调下,无时。”此方每次服用的剂量,是先从小量开始,按倍数递增,很有规律。即先服二分半,后五分,再一钱。由此亦可以佐证“一字”即“二分五厘”,而非谓“相当于一分五厘左右”。
In ancient medical prescriptions, the name of the “one word” dose name often appears, such as “one word for each service”, “one word for each word”, and “one word for one word”. “The ancient use of copper coins to measure the amount of medicines at the end of the coin accounted for about one-fifty percent of the capacity” (see the Guardian version of the “Extras for Gentlemen’s Selection” volume, 1977, vol. II, commentary on infant malaria). . The author believes that this release is not exact. Ke Yuan Zhu Zhenheng “Danxi Heart Method” has “deadly life Dan, green word” records. Ming Gongxin’s “Cultural Health” is the “Chemical Health Pill” in this book. The amount of patina contained is “half and half”. It can be seen that “one word” is “two and a half”. Ming Li’s “Introduction to Medicine” stated in the section “Interpretation”: “The ancient side has four words and one word is two and a half also.” It can be seen that the “one word” dose in ancient prescriptions should actually mean two cents and five cents. It is not “approximately 50%.” In the Song Dynasty, Qian Yi’s “Pediatric Pharmacology Cards Directly” and “Zi Cao San” article cloud: “Spotted rashes: uncaria hooks and purple velvet velvet vines. The fineness is fine, each serving is a word or five points, a money, The temperament is adjusted and it is timeless.” The dose each time this party takes is started from a small amount and is increased by a multiple, very regular. That is, first serve two and a half, then five minutes, and then a second. This also supports the “one word” or “two cents and five cents” rather than the “equivalent to one cent or five percent.”