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目的 :研究爆炸冲击波对犬脑干超微结构和功能的影响。方法 :2 0条犬随机分为对照组和冲击伤组。根据爆炸源与颅骨表面的距离将冲击伤组随机分为 15、2 5和 35 cm三个亚组。用高频电子压力传感器记录冲击波的压力参数 ,并经压力放大器放大进行分析。伤后持续观察呼吸暂停的时间和心率的改变 ,伤后 1h电镜观察犬脑干超微结构的改变 ,用原位杂交的方法检测脑干延髓区域 TNF-α m RNA表达的变化。 结果 :电镜下可见神经元肿胀、神经胶质细胞胶样变性和髓鞘板层结构不清等脑干超微结构变化。所有致伤动物伤后即刻出现心动过缓和呼吸暂停等脑干抑制现象。脑干区脑组织内 TNF-α m RNA表达量明显增加。呼吸暂停时间与脑干区脑组织内 TNF-α m RNA表达量呈正相关。结论 :爆炸冲击波可导致脑干超微结构和生物化学改变 ,呼吸暂停和心动过缓与之相关
Objective: To study the effects of blast shock wave on ultrastructure and function of brainstem in dogs. Methods: Twenty dogs were randomly divided into control group and impact injury group. According to the distance between blast source and skull surface, the impact injury group was randomly divided into three subgroups of 15, 25 and 35 cm. High-frequency electronic pressure sensor records the pressure parameters of the shock wave, and amplified by the pressure amplifier for analysis. The time and heart rate of apnea were observed continuously after injury. The ultrastructure of canine brainstem was observed under electron microscope 1 h after injury. The expression of TNF-α m RNA in the medulla oblongata was detected by in situ hybridization. Results: Under electron microscope, ultrastructural changes of brain stem such as swelling of neurons, degeneration of glial cells and unclear structure of myelin sheath were observed. Immediately after all injuries to animals, bradycardia and apnea and other brain stem suppression phenomenon. The expression of TNF-αmRNA in the brain stem area increased significantly. The time of apnea was positively correlated with the expression of TNF-αmRNA in the brain stem area. CONCLUSIONS: Blast shock waves can cause ultrastructural and biochemical changes in the brainstem, with apnea and bradycardia associated