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词例指不同的词具有相同的词义演变轨迹的语言现象,是词义发展演变的模式。很多词的词义的产生途径可以通过观察其他词的词义演变现象来加以认识和把握。关于词例的成因,不少学者认为是“相因生义”的结果。本文认为“相因生义”说只是对词义成因的一种主观猜测,并没有认识到问题的实质。词例是基于人类面对的相同认知对象、具有的相同认知能力及心理联想而产生的词义引申现象,是“语际共性”(inter-language similarity)的表现,跟词语的类推作用无关。
The word examples refer to the linguistic phenomena in which different words have the same trajectory of word meaning, which is the pattern of the evolution of word meaning. Many words can be generated by observing the lexical evolution of other words to understand and grasp. On the causes of the word example, many scholars think it is the result of “phase-dependent”. This paper argues that “phase-related” means only a subjective guessing of the origin of meaning and does not recognize the essence of the problem. The word examples are based on the same cognitive object, the same cognition ability and the phenomenal extension of psychological association that human beings face, which is the manifestation of “inter-language similarity” Has nothing to do.