中国的经济发展需要以中国特色社会主义政治经济学来指导,经济发展理论包含在中国特色社会主义政治经济学之中。随着中国告别低收入发展阶段进入中等收入发展阶段,发展理论出现一系列的创新。相应地,要根据新发展理念改变传统的经济发展观,其中包括:发展任务由摆脱贫困转向富裕人民;发展引擎由外需转向内需;拉动增长的三驾马车中的主拉动力由投资转向消费;释放活力的改革着力点由需求侧转向供给侧;经济增长所追求的原则由效率型转向包容型;经济发展路径由依靠物质资源投入转向创新驱动;经济发展战略由不平衡战略转向平衡战略;二元结构现代化路径由非农带动“三农”转向直面“三农”发展;中国在全球经济中的地位由以比较优势融入全球化转向以竞争优势主导全球化。 China’s economic development needs to be guided by the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics and its theory of economic development is embedded in the political economy of socialism with Chinese characteristics. With China’s bidding for low-income development stage into the middle-income stage of development, a series of innovations in the theory of development. Accordingly, we should change the traditional concept of economic development according to the new development concept. These include: moving development tasks from getting out of poverty to becoming wealthy people; moving development engines from external demand to domestic demand; shifting the main driving force in the growth troika from investment to consumption; The focus of reform is to shift from demand side to supply side; the principle pursued by economic growth is shifted from efficiency type to inclusive type; the path of economic development is shifted from reliance on material resources to innovation; the economic development strategy shifts from an unbalanced strategy to a balanced strategy; The path of modernization in the yuan structure has shifted from non-agricultural driving to agriculture, rural areas and farmers to directly facing the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. China’s position in the global economy has shifted from integrating comparative advantages into globalization and leading globalization with competitive advantages.