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在以科学发展观为统领的国家政策制度下,要求尽快建立健全水土保持生态补偿制度已成为可持续发展的必然选择。黄河流域经过近20年的水土保持生态补偿探索与实践,形成了基于法律法规政策、财政转移支付、征收资源开发税费、生态保证金、民间资本等五类的水土保持生态补偿类型。介绍了黄河流域水土保持生态补偿的成功经验、做法和存在的问题,提出了完善水土保持生态补偿的法律法规、健全水土保持生态补偿监管体系、加大水土保持财政转移支付力度、建立多元化水土保持生态补偿机制、开展水土保持生态补偿试点工作、加快水土保持生态补偿基础研究、加快水土保持补偿制度的宣传和教育的建议。
Under the national policy system guided by the scientific concept of development, it is an inevitable choice to establish and improve the ecological compensation system for soil and water conservation as soon as possible. After nearly 20 years of exploration and practice of ecological compensation for soil and water conservation in the Yellow River Basin, five types of ecological compensation for soil and water conservation based on laws, regulations, policies, fiscal transfer payments, levied taxes on resources development, ecological security deposits and private capital have been formed. The successful experiences, practices and existing problems of ecological compensation for soil and water conservation in the Yellow River Basin are introduced. The laws and regulations for improving ecological compensation of soil and water conservation are put forward. The regulatory system for ecological compensation of soil and water conservation is improved. The financial transfer payment for soil and water conservation is intensified and a multi- We will maintain the ecological compensation mechanism, carry out experimental work on ecological compensation of soil and water conservation, speed up the basic research on ecological compensation of soil and water conservation, and speed up publicity and education on the compensation system for soil and water conservation.