[目的]了解社区儿童家长对预防接种不良反应知识知晓情况,以提高儿童预防接种率,降低不良反应发生率。[方法]自行设计知识问卷,对828名家长进行调查,按不同文化水平分为3组,问卷行统计学分析。[结果]不同文化水平家长预防接种不良反应知识知晓率间比较具有统计学意义。[结论]加强各层次家长预防接种不良反应知识的宣教,流动儿童家长及低文化水平家长是宣教重点人群。 [Objective] To understand the knowledge of parents of community children about the adverse reactions of vaccination in order to improve the vaccination rate of children and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions. [Method] Self-designed knowledge questionnaire was used to investigate 828 parents and divided into 3 groups according to different cultural levels. The questionnaires were statistically analyzed. [Results] The awareness rate of knowledge on adverse reactions of vaccination among parents with different education levels was statistically significant. [Conclusion] The propaganda of strengthening parents at all levels to prevent adverse reactions of vaccination, parents of migrant children and parents with low cultural level are the key population of mission.