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教科版和人教版普通高中课程标准实验教科书《物理·必修2》对机械能守恒定律的描述是:“在只有重力或弹力做功的物体系统内,动能和势能会发生相互转化,但机械能的总量保持不变,这称为机械能守恒定律。”在接触机械能守恒定律时,学生易产生疑问:机械能守恒定律中的弹力是否包含压力、支持力等弹力?且会误认为:若只有弹力对研究对象(或系统)做功,则机械能一定守恒。下面就这两个问题略作分析。
Textbooks and PEP ordinary high school curriculum standard experimental textbook “Physics Compulsory 2” describes the law of conservation of mechanical energy is: “In gravity or elastic work system, the kinetic energy and potential energy will be transformed into each other, but the mechanical energy The total amount remains the same, which is called the law of conservation of mechanical energy. ”" In contact with the law of conservation of mechanical energy, students are easy to doubt: whether the elastic force in the law of conservation of mechanical energy includes the pressure, the supporting force ?, and will mistakenly believe that: The research object (or system) work, the mechanical energy must be conserved. The following is a brief analysis of these two issues.