扫描隧道显微镜(STM)是近几年发展起来的一种直接观察物质表面微观结构的仪器.利用量子隧道效应,将极细的金属针尖接近样品表面扫描,从而获得样品表面的三维图象,可以反映表面原子排列和原子形态.图1是我们设计制造的扫描隧道显微镜原理图.采用压电陶瓷管P作为x,y和z方向的三维扫描器件.管表面等分为相邻90°的四个电极,针尖T固定在其中的一个电极上.尖端曲率半径为100nm左右的金属针尖,可用化学腐蚀法制备.两对电极上施加扫描电压时,针尖便在垂直于管轴z的x-y方向扫描,而z方向的高低变化则由加在内管壁上的电 Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a direct observation of the material surface microstructure developed in recent years.Using the quantum tunneling effect, the very fine metal tip close to the surface of the sample to obtain three-dimensional images of the sample surface, you can Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the scanning tunneling microscope we designed and manufactured using a piezoelectric ceramic tube P as a three-dimensional scanning device in the x, y, and z directions. The surface of the tube is equally divided into four adjacent 90 Electrodes, tip T fixed to one of the electrodes Tip curvature radius of about 100nm metal tip can be prepared by chemical etching method applied to the scan voltage on both pairs of electrodes, the tip perpendicular to the tube axis z in the xy scan direction , While the z-level changes in the wall by the addition of electricity