简要介绍中国高速铁路用钢轨标准的先进性和国内钢厂经过改造后的钢轨生产技术。结合近年来钢轨实物质量的抽检结果,采用数理统计的方法,对中国钢轨的质量现状进行分析研究,并与进口的高速铁路钢轨进行了对比。研究结果表明:中国高速铁路用钢轨标准各项指标与欧洲钢轨标准相当;国内4家钢厂经过技术改造之后,生产设备和工艺已处于世界先进水平;国产钢轨的内部和外观质量与进口高速铁路钢轨处于同一质量水平。针对钢轨生产中和使用初期反映出的问题,建议钢厂采取有效措施,减小化学成分范围和波动值;优化轧制和矫直工艺;涂刷防脱碳涂料,减小脱碳层深度;严格执行钢轨质量监督检验机制,进一步提高和稳定钢轨质量。 Briefly introduce the advanced nature of the rail standard for high-speed railway in China and the modified rail production technology of domestic steel mills. Combined with the sampling results of rail physical quality in recent years, the paper analyzes the current situation of rail quality in China by means of mathematical statistics and compares it with that of imported high-speed railway. The results show that the indexes of China’s high-speed railway are equivalent to those of European rail standard. After the technological transformation of the four domestic steel mills, the production equipment and technology have been at the world advanced level. The internal and external appearance quality of domestic rail and the import of high-speed railway The rails are at the same level of quality. For rail production and the initial reflection of the use of the proposed steel mills to take effective measures to reduce the scope of chemical composition and fluctuations in value; optimization rolling and straightening process; brushing decarburization coating to reduce the depth of decarburization; Strict implementation of rail quality supervision and inspection mechanism to further improve and stabilize the rail quality.