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严重急性呼吸道感染(SARI)疾病[如严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)、中东呼吸综合征(MERS)、新型甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎(pH1N1)等]的部分患者可快速进展为急性呼吸衰竭,19％～32％ SARS患者需要住ICU接受呼吸支持治疗.2019年12月,在武汉市暴发了一种新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)肺炎(NCP),约15％～30％患者会在短时间内进展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS),且具有较强的传染性.呼吸支持技术是SARI患者最重要的生命支持手段,而呼吸支持相关设备与技术不恰当应用是导致院内医务人员和非医务人员感染SARI病原菌的重要原因,因此,加强呼吸支持技术的规范化应用以及预防相关的院内交叉感染是SARI患者呼吸管理的关键.“,”Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) diseases (such as SARS,MERS,pH1N1) can rapidly progress to acute respiratory failure with high lethality.The outbreak of a novel coronavirus infection can lead to 15％ ～ 30％ patients developing into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Respiratory support is the most important therapy for SARI patients with respiratory failure.However,respiratory support is a high skilled technology,which means inappropriate application may bring related complications and cross infection of SARI pathogens among medical staff and non-medical personnel in hospital.Therefore,it is meaningful to established a standardized indication of respiratory support and to prevent related nosocomial transmission in SARI patients.