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为系统分析导致高处坠落人因事故的产生机理,通过统计152起建筑工程高处坠落事故的调查与分析报告,从组织影响、安全监管、不安全行为前提条件和不安全行为等4个层次,辨识影响高处坠落事故的人为失误因素,修订人为因素分析与分类系统框架(HFACS)。设计高处坠落人因失误调查问卷,开展一线高处作业人员问卷调查,建立高处坠落人因失误结构方程模型,对导致高处坠落事故的人为失误因素进行路径分析。结果表明:各潜在因素间均呈正相关,且高处坠落人因失误事故的关键路径为资源管理不到位→安全监督培训不充分→班组管理不良→操作违规。综合各因素间相关性,提出了针对性的预防高处坠落事故的人因干预策略。
In order to systematically analyze the mechanism of human accident that caused the fall of height, through the survey and analysis of 152 cases of falling accidents in construction projects, from the four levels of organizational influence, safety supervision, unsafe behavior prerequisites and unsafe behaviors , Identifying human error factors that affect crashes at height and revising the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System Framework (HFACS). Design a questionnaire on human error of falling from height, carry out questionnaire survey of workers at the height of the first line, set up a model of error structure equation of human falling at height, and make a path analysis of the human error factors leading to the falling accident at height. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between all the potential factors, and the key path of human error accidents falling from height was inadequate for resource management → inadequate safety supervision and training → poor team management → irregular operation. Based on the correlation between the factors, a human intervention strategy was put forward to prevent accidental falling from height.