目的　探讨血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ (cTnⅠ )测定对新生儿缺氧心肌损伤的诊断价值。方法　检测 3 9例新生儿血清cTnⅠ、血清肌酸激酶同功酶 (CK MB) ,其中正常新生儿 10例 ,窒息新生儿 2 9例 ,两组均为足月适于胎龄儿。结果　 10例正常新生儿血清cTnⅠ均为阴性 ,2 9例窒息新生儿阳性率 4 4 83 %。轻度窒息与重度窒息两组cTnⅠ阳性率及其值相比 ,P均 <0 0 5 ,但两组CK MB值相比 ,P >0 0 5。轻度窒息组中 ,cTnⅠ阳性与阴性患儿CK MB值相比 ,P >0 0 5 ,而重度窒息组则P <0 0 5。结论　血清cTnⅠ检测可早期发现缺氧心肌损伤 ,判断损伤程度 ,克服CK MB特异性的不足。 Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum troponin Ⅰ (cTn Ⅰ) in neonatal hypoxic myocardial injury. Methods Serum cTn Ⅰ and CK MB were detected in 39 newborns. Among them, 10 were normal newborns and 29 asphyxiated newborns. Both groups were full-term suitable for gestational age. Results Serum cTnⅠ was negative in 10 normal newborns, and 4 4 83% in 29 neonates with asphyxia. Compared with the positive rate of cTn Ⅰ in mild asphyxia group and severe asphyxia group, P <0.05, but the CK MB value of the two groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P> 0.05). Mild asphyxia group, cTn Ⅰ positive and negative CK MB value compared to children, P> 0 0 5, and severe asphyxia group P <0 05. Conclusion Serum cTn Ⅰ detection can detect hypoxic myocardial injury early to determine the extent of injury and overcome the deficiencies of CK MB specificity.