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乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》通过隐现于小说中的“幽灵”布鲁诺以及与奥维德的互文游戏,尤其借助前者的万物有灵论和后者的《变形记》,创造性地混用了“转生”和“变形”的概念。这不仅使小说中的平凡人物与历史文学人物相联系,而且使小说本身具有历史纵深感,从而肯定了现实生活中琐屑零散之事的历史价值,展现出乔伊斯建立在“历史循环论”基础上独特的世界图景与历史体验。
Joyce’s Ulysses, through his “ghost” Bruno in the novel and the intertextual game with Ovid, especially with the animotism of the anims of the anus and the “Metamorphosis” of the latter, Mixed with the “reincarnation” and “deformation” concept. This not only links the ordinary characters in the novel with the historical literary characters, but also makes the novel have a historical sense of depth so as to affirm the historical value of trivial matters in real life. It shows that Joyce is based on the theory of historical circulation "Based on unique world picture and history experience.