1 问题的提出对学生作业中的错误,国内外学者已经作了大量有益的工作,特别是随着建构主义数学观的兴起,对学生在解题中的错误又有了新的认识.Newman 认为学生在解题过程中,要想得到正确答案.必须扫清一系列障碍,其中的任何失误均会影响解题过程.导致解题的最后失败.在此意义下,Newman 从解题过程角度提出错误的层级(Hierarchy),将其分为5个水平:阅读(Reading)、理解(Comprehension)、转换(Transformation)、加工技能(ProcessSkill)、编码(Encoding).理解错误指的是没有掌握问题中所含信息的意义.操作技能的错误指的是与算法有关的错误.编码错误指的是书写错误,如笔误等.戴再平先生 1 PROBLEM PROBLEMS Domestic and foreign scholars have done a great deal of useful work on mistakes in student work, especially with the rise of constructivism, which has brought new understanding to students’ mistakes in problem solving. Students in the process of solving problems, you want to get the correct answer.We must clear a series of obstacles, any of which will affect the problem-solving process. Lead to the final failure of the problem. In this sense, Newman mistakes from the perspective of the problem-solving process Hierarchy is divided into five levels: Reading, Comprehension, Transformation, Process Skill, Encoding. Understanding errors means failing to grasp the problem Contains the meaning of the information. Operational skills error refers to the algorithm-related errors. Coding error refers to the writing errors, such as clerical errors.