核酶是一类具有酶活性的RNA分子。由于能序列特异性地剪切底物RNA或修复突变的RNA ,因此在调节基因表达水平 ,阻止病毒复制 ,修复突变基因等基因治疗领域有广阔的应用前景。核酶按其分子大小和反应机制不同 ,大致可分为两类 ,即①大分子核酶 :RNaseP、Ⅰ组内含子和Ⅱ组内含子。 Ribozymes are a class of enzymatically active RNA molecules. Due to sequence-specific cleavage of substrate RNA or repair of mutated RNA, it has broad application prospects in the field of gene therapy, such as regulating gene expression level, preventing virus replication and repairing mutant gene. According to their molecular size and reaction mechanism, ribozymes can be divided into two categories: ① macromolecular ribozyme: RNaseP, group Ⅰ intron and group Ⅱ intron.