经济“演化”观提出以来,在其具体含义上一直有不同看法,一部分看法甚至是不相容的。通过阐明这些不同看法是什么,以及是什么导致了差异,本文明确了演化经济学的四种主要方法。它们之间的差异可以追溯到关于演化的现实,以及如何将演化恰当地概念化方面的基本假设上的对立立场。在演化博弈论中也可以发现同样的差异。本文还通过同行调查评价了演化经济学的这些主要方法的绩效,以及他们对未来研究前景的态度。 Economic “evolution ” concept has been put forward, in its specific meaning has been different views, some views even incompatible. By clarifying what these different views are and what led to the difference, this paper identifies the four main approaches to evolutionary economics. The differences between them can be traced back to the antithesis of the basic assumptions about the reality of evolution and how to properly conceptualize evolution. The same difference can be found in evolutionary game theory. The paper also evaluates the performance of these key approaches to evolutionary economics through peer surveys and their attitudes toward future research.