有机溶剂品种很多,在工业生产中用途较广。例如苯可作为稀薄剂、生产原料、燃料和清洁剂等,汽油主要作为燃料;四氯化碳曾用作干洗剂、灭火剂及熏蒸剂,二硫化碳主要用于粘胶纤维、四氯化碳及农药等生产。大多数有机溶剂具有易燃和易挥发等特点,容易以蒸气形态自呼吸道吸入。胃肠道也可吸收,但皮肤除四氯化碳外,大多吸收少而不完全。不少有机溶剂对人体都有毒害作用,如生产中防护不周,可以引起严重的急性和慢性中毒,应提高警惕。现将常见的有机溶剂中毒概括介绍如下,以供参考。一、苯中毒苯入体后主要在肝脏内代谢,在肝微粒体中转变 Many varieties of organic solvents, used widely in industrial production. For example, benzene can be used as a thinner to produce raw materials, fuels and cleaners, and gasoline is mainly used as a fuel. CTC was used as a dry cleaning agent, fire extinguishing agent and fumigant. Carbon disulfide is mainly used in viscose fibers, carbon tetrachloride and Pesticides and other production. Most organic solvents are flammable and volatile and are easily inhaled from the respiratory tract in vapor form. Gastrointestinal tract can also be absorbed, but most of the skin except carbon tetrachloride absorption less complete. Many organic solvents have a toxic effect on the human body, such as poor protection in production, can cause serious acute and chronic poisoning, should be vigilant. Now common organic solvent poisoning summarized below, for reference. First, benzene poisoning benzene into the body after the main metabolism in the liver, liver microsomal changes