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目的分析2015年度全国放射工作人员职业健康监测情况。方法通过全国放射卫生信息平台的“放射诊疗机构职业健康系统”收集2015年各省、直辖市、自治区和新彊生产建设兵团通过系统上报的监测数据,对全国放射诊疗机构和放射工作人员总体情况、个人剂量监测和职业健康检查情况等进行整理和统计分析。结果 2015年全国共有放射诊疗机构54 318家,放射工作人员262 884人;全国放射诊疗机构和监测点医院的个人剂量监测率分别为92.59%和94.60%,职业健康检查率分别为84.91%和92.90%。监测点医院个人剂量监测中年有效剂量超过20 mSv的人数占0.57%。全国放射工作人员职业健康检查中染色体畸变异常、甲状腺彩色多普勒超声异常和眼晶状体混浊的检出率分别为0.92%、19.46%和0.62%。介入工作人员双剂量计佩戴亟需规范。监测点医院介入放射工作人员个人防护用品人均数量为0.52件以下。结论全国放射诊疗机构放射工作人员个人剂量监测和职业健康检查率均较高,但应严格按国家标准规范佩戴个人剂量计,并提高个人防护用品配置率。
Objective To analyze the occupational health monitoring status of radioactive workers nationwide in 2015. Methods The monitoring data reported by the provinces, municipalities directly under the Central Government, autonomous regions and the Xinqiang Production and Construction Corps through the system in 2015 were collected by the “Radiation Clinic Occupational Health System” of the National Radiation Information Platform to analyze the overall situation of radiation medical institutions and radiological workers nationwide , Personal dose monitoring and occupational health checks, etc. to organize and statistical analysis. Results In 2015, there were 54 318 radiological clinics and 262 884 radiological staff in the country. The individual dose monitoring rates of national radiology clinic and monitoring hospital were 92.59% and 94.60% respectively, and the occupational health examination rates were 84.91% and 92.90 respectively %. The number of mid-year effective dose of individual dose monitoring at the monitoring sites in hospital was more than 0.57%. Abnormal chromosomal aberrations, thyroid color Doppler ultrasound and ophthalmic ophthalmology ophthalmology were detected in occupational health check-ups of 0.92%, 19.46% and 0.62% respectively. Interventional staff wearing dual dosimeter urgent need specification. The per capita number of personal protective equipment intervened by radiation workers at the monitoring sites was 0.52 or less. Conclusions Personal radiation dose monitoring and occupational health checkup rates are high among radiation workers in radiation medical institutions throughout the country. However, personal dosimeters should be worn in strict accordance with national standards and regulations, and the allocation rate of personal protective equipment should be increased.