目的　探讨D -二聚体在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病 (HIE)中的变化和临床意义。方法　采用胶乳凝集法测定 40例HIE患儿和 2 0例健康对照新生儿急性期和恢复期血中D -二聚体水平 ,同时观察了全身炎症反应综合征 (SIRS)的发生率。结果　HIE急性期患儿的D -二聚体水平明显高于恢复期 (3 .5 0± 0 .2 0 )mg/L对 (0 .42± 0 .0 4)mg/L ;(8.2 0± 0 .35 )mg/L对 (3 .0 0± 0 .2 0 )mg/L (P <0 .0 1) ,也明显高于正常对照 (P <0 .0 1)。中、重度明显高于轻度和对照 (0 .2 6± 0 .0 3)mg/L (P <0 .0 1) ,轻度与对照无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。D -二聚体水平与SIRS的发生率呈正相关 (r =0 .987)。结论　D -二聚体在HIE的病理过程中起重要的作用 ,可作为快速诊断、判断预后、治疗效果的参考指标 Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of D-dimer in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods The serum levels of D - dimer in 40 HIE infants and 20 healthy controls were measured by latex agglutination. The incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) was also observed. Results The level of D - dimer in children with acute HIE was significantly higher than that in convalescent (3.50 ± 0.200 mg / L vs (0.42 ± 0.04) mg / L; (8.2 0 ± 0.35) mg / L vs (3.0 ± 0.2. 0) mg / L (P <0.01), also significantly higher than that of the normal control (P <0.01). Moderate and severe were significantly higher than mild and control (0.26 ± 0.30 mg / L, P <0.01), mild and no significant difference (P> 0.05). The level of D - dimer was positively correlated with the incidence of SIRS (r = 0.987). Conclusion D - dimer plays an important role in the pathological process of HIE, which can be used as a reference index for rapid diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic effect