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目的:比较不同溶剂体系和提取方式对苦荞抗氧化活性物质含量及活性的影响,寻找适宜实验室使用的高效、便捷的苦荞抗氧化活性物质的提取方法。方法:以苦荞麸皮为试材,对比不同溶剂(80%丙酮、50%丙酮、80%甲醇、60%甲醇、80%乙醇和纯乙醇)和提取方式(均质、回流、超声波助提、浸泡法及振摇法)对苦荞麸皮提取物的总酚、总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性(清除ABTS·+、DPPH·能力及在β-胡萝卜素-亚油酸体系中的护色效果)的影响。结果:不同溶剂体系中,80%丙酮提取液的总酚和总黄酮含量最高,分别为(2370.27±137.94)mg GA eq/100gDW、(3361.28±132.95)mg RU eq/100g DW,其次依次为50%丙酮>80%甲醇>60%甲醇>80%乙醇>乙醇;80%丙酮提取物在3个抗氧化模型评价中排序较高。以80%丙酮为溶剂,对比不同提取方式研究中,总酚含量由高到低依次为回流提取>均质提取、超声波30min提取及浸泡提取>超声波10min提取与振摇提取。其中,超声波30min提取液在3个抗氧化模型中表现出最强的抗氧化能力。提取时间顺序:浸泡15h>回流2h、振摇2h>均质10min/次(3次)、超声波30min>超声波10min。结论:80%丙酮是适于苦荞抗氧化物质提取的溶剂体系,同时辅助超声波30min处理,是实验室便捷、高效的提取方法。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of different solvent systems and extraction methods on the content and activity of antioxidative active substances in buckwheat, and to find an efficient and convenient method for extracting antioxidant active substances from buckwheat suitable for laboratory use. Methods: Tartary buckwheat bran was used as material to compare the effects of different solvents (80% acetone, 50% acetone, 80% methanol, 60% methanol, 80% ethanol and pure ethanol) , Soaking method and shaking method) on total phenolics, total flavonoids content and anti-oxidation activity of bran bran extracts (ABTS · +, DPPH · abilities and color protection in β-carotene-linoleic acid system Effect) effect. Results: The content of total phenols and total flavonoids in 80% acetone extract was the highest (2370.27 ± 137.94) mg eq / 100gDW, (3361.28 ± 132.95) mg RU eq / 100g DW in the different solvent systems, followed by 50 % Acetone> 80% Methanol> 60% Methanol> 80% Ethanol> Ethanol; 80% Acetone Extract was ranked higher in the three antioxidant model reviews. Compared with different extraction methods, 80% acetone was used as solvent, and the total phenols content was desorbed by reversed-phase extraction, homogenized in descending order, extracted by ultrasonic wave for 30min and extracted by ultrasonic wave for 10min and extracted by shaking. Among them, ultrasonic 30min extract showed the strongest antioxidant capacity in three antioxidant models. Extraction time order: soaking 15h> reflux 2h, shaking 2h> homogenized 10min / time (3 times), ultrasound 30min> ultrasound 10min. CONCLUSION: 80% acetone is a solvent system suitable for the extraction of antioxidant substances from buckwheat, assisted by ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes. It is a convenient and efficient extraction method in laboratory.