20世纪30年代中国素描教学主要受以徐悲鸿为首的一些从国外留学回来的海归学子带来的法国素描体系影响,在中国高校引进了西方学院派的素描教学体系,推动了我国高校素描教学向写实主义道路的发展。50年代马克西莫夫教授带来的俄罗斯契斯卡科夫素描体系,对高校素描教学既起到了积极的作用但却又导致了偏食的弊端。契斯卡科夫的素描教学在中国第一次提出了“结构”这个概念,这个概念改变了中国人认识对象的方法,使我们透过表面的光影 In the 1930s, China’s sketch teaching was mainly influenced by the French sketch system led by Xu returnees who returned from studying abroad. The sketch teaching system was introduced into Chinese colleges and universities to promote the teaching of sketch at colleges and universities in our country The development of the road of doctrine. In the 1950s, the drawing system of Cesk Kakov in Russia brought by Maximov played an active role in sketch teaching in colleges and universities, but it also led to the disadvantages of partial eclipse. Cheskakov’s Sketch Teaching For the first time in China put forward the concept of “structure”, a concept that has changed the way Chinese people know objects so that through the surface light and shadow