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英语写作是高中英语教学的重点和难点,我们可以充分利用和挖掘教材的内容,在课堂上训练学生的限时写作,这样我们既可以完成教学任务,又能提高学生的英语写作能力,可谓一石二鸟,一举多得。下面是根据牛津高中英语M7U1 Project的内容设计的限时写作训练。
一、设计内容
1.教学策略。课堂以学生为中心,学生在老师的启发和指导下通过自己的努力逐步达到学习目标和要求;设计学生独立、学生群体、师生互动、生生互动等四种活动形式来完成一系列说、读、写的英语运用能力的训练;力求教学各环节设计得既简洁又完整、操作得既透彻又有效、过渡得既自然又流畅。
2.教学内容。阅读、理解、分析一篇关于手机对人类健康有潜在危害的课文;学写一篇有关电脑或电视的正反面的短文。
3.教学目标。学生在启发下能够分析这篇课文的结构,从而得出有关事物正反面文章的写作方法;大部分学生在指导下能在限定时间写完一篇有关电脑或电视的正反面的短文。
4.教学重难点。重点是分析如何写事物正反面一类的文章;难点是在限定时间完成写作任务。
5.教学对象。普通文科班学生,班内学生英语能力差距较大。教师授课不但要简洁、清晰、有层次,还要有亲和力、激情,使得各档次学生均有收获。
6.教学过程。
Step 1 Lead-in:1.Boys and girls,today we are going to complete two tasks.First we’ll read,understand and analyze a passage;and then learn to write a short article.2.Please guess what the passage is about.OK,I’m sure most of you have it and you are familiar with it.You like it very much and you can do a lot with it.You can ring,talk,read and play games....All right,you got it,mobile phone.Now,please give us advantages of mobile phones;What about disadvantages?Talk freely and bravely...Well done!Perhaps we need to learn something more about it.
Step 2 Reading comprehension:OK,open the books to P14.1.Please read the passage and try to understand it.Then fill in the blanks in the sentences.(1)Two studies in Sweden and Australia have suggested that using a mobile phone doubles the risk of developing brain cancer because of being exposed to radiation.(2)There is no definite scientific evidence available about negative effects on mobile phones because the telecommunications industry is huge and rich and unwilling to say.(3)Sir William Stewart advises children to reduce use of mobiles because children’s bones are not as thick as adults’ and they will be using mobiles longer in their lives.2.Check the answers and then read the sentences aloud together.
Step 3 Structure analysis:1.Please read the passage fast and pay great attention to its structure.Try to think:How should we write a short article about the advantages and disadvantages about a thing we are familiar with?How should we begin it?What do we write in the middle?What about the end?
2.Think about how to write negative effects and positive effects.Encourage the students to answer.As to negative effects,we first introduce negative effects,then present the opposite or different opinions,next prove effects with cases (studies,facts...),at last we come to conclusion.As to positive effects,we first introduce positive effects,then present the opposite or different opinions,next prove effects with cases (studies,facts...),at last we come to conclusion.
Step 4 Group discussion:1.Next we’ll have a group discussion.Rows 1,3,5,please turn back.Group 1 and Group 3 discuss the advantages and disadvantages of computers;Group 2 and Group 4 discuss the advantages and disadvantages of TVs.2.Then invite some students to give us their answers.Meanwhile,the teacher writes them on the blackboard.About computers:advantages(search for information,play games,send e-mail and talk online,shop online,see films and watch live games);disadvantages(harm our eyes,waste time,reduce face-to-face talk,do illegal things).About TVs:advantages(know the latest news,see films,watch live games,learn different information;disadvantages(harm our eyes,reduce family communications,waste time).
Step 5 Writing:We have four different topics.You may choose any of them to write.1.Computers are useful.2.Not all like to use computers.3.TV is excellent.4.Not all people like TV.Let’s begin writing.Try to finish it in class.(24 minutes later)Now let’s enjoy one essay.Invite a student to read his/her essay.
Step 6 Homework:1.Improve your essay carefully.2.Read the text learned today and try to get further understanding.3.Revise the important expressions in this unit.
二、教学各步骤的时间和设计说明
第一步导入用1分钟,简洁明了,开门见山引导学生思考,激发学习积极性和兴趣。第二步阅读理解用7分钟,努力培养学生的自主学习和概括能力。第三步结构分析用4分钟,训练学生的分析能力和归纳能力。第四步小组讨论用8分钟,培养学生的合作精神和探究意识。第五步限时写作用25分钟,训练学生在固定时间里的写作能力。最后的家庭作业可以养成学生当天复习和阶段复习的学习习惯。
三、教学反思
教材只有一篇关于手机对人类健康有潜在危害的课文和一个列举电子产品优劣的练习,虽然课文中的语言点和语法点简单,但是文章结构很好,列举电子产品优劣对于高二学生来说容易,所以我这堂课在原教材基础上进行了彻底的创新,设计成了一节学习写事物正反面的写作课。事实上,这样的以课本教材为基本材料的英语延伸的或者深化的课堂教学确实是有效的。1.师生都注重教材的教与学,通过这样的学习,学生获得英语的基础知识和运用能力,避免目前存在的重做题、轻教材的现象。2.老师挖掘教材内容,边教知识边训练学生的听、说、读、写能力,不必抛开课本去做单一的集中训练,节省重复环节,就是节省宝贵的时间和精力。3.老师不拘泥于课本、驾驭课本的能力、做事重视实效和方法等,肯定会潜移默化地影响学生,这点非常有益于学生的终身发展。
这堂课上得很顺利,学生们积极思考,热心讨论,认真写作。有两个不理想的地方,一个是最后有五名学生没写完,请他们课后接着完成;第二是学生在短时间里写作,来不及反复检查,会存在一些语法错误或用词不当,这个需要适当、足够的训练来克服。我们只有坚持不断地用科学有效的方法来鼓励和指导学生写作才能达到提高英语写作能力的目标。
一、设计内容
1.教学策略。课堂以学生为中心,学生在老师的启发和指导下通过自己的努力逐步达到学习目标和要求;设计学生独立、学生群体、师生互动、生生互动等四种活动形式来完成一系列说、读、写的英语运用能力的训练;力求教学各环节设计得既简洁又完整、操作得既透彻又有效、过渡得既自然又流畅。
2.教学内容。阅读、理解、分析一篇关于手机对人类健康有潜在危害的课文;学写一篇有关电脑或电视的正反面的短文。
3.教学目标。学生在启发下能够分析这篇课文的结构,从而得出有关事物正反面文章的写作方法;大部分学生在指导下能在限定时间写完一篇有关电脑或电视的正反面的短文。
4.教学重难点。重点是分析如何写事物正反面一类的文章;难点是在限定时间完成写作任务。
5.教学对象。普通文科班学生,班内学生英语能力差距较大。教师授课不但要简洁、清晰、有层次,还要有亲和力、激情,使得各档次学生均有收获。
6.教学过程。
Step 1 Lead-in:1.Boys and girls,today we are going to complete two tasks.First we’ll read,understand and analyze a passage;and then learn to write a short article.2.Please guess what the passage is about.OK,I’m sure most of you have it and you are familiar with it.You like it very much and you can do a lot with it.You can ring,talk,read and play games....All right,you got it,mobile phone.Now,please give us advantages of mobile phones;What about disadvantages?Talk freely and bravely...Well done!Perhaps we need to learn something more about it.
Step 2 Reading comprehension:OK,open the books to P14.1.Please read the passage and try to understand it.Then fill in the blanks in the sentences.(1)Two studies in Sweden and Australia have suggested that using a mobile phone doubles the risk of developing brain cancer because of being exposed to radiation.(2)There is no definite scientific evidence available about negative effects on mobile phones because the telecommunications industry is huge and rich and unwilling to say.(3)Sir William Stewart advises children to reduce use of mobiles because children’s bones are not as thick as adults’ and they will be using mobiles longer in their lives.2.Check the answers and then read the sentences aloud together.
Step 3 Structure analysis:1.Please read the passage fast and pay great attention to its structure.Try to think:How should we write a short article about the advantages and disadvantages about a thing we are familiar with?How should we begin it?What do we write in the middle?What about the end?
2.Think about how to write negative effects and positive effects.Encourage the students to answer.As to negative effects,we first introduce negative effects,then present the opposite or different opinions,next prove effects with cases (studies,facts...),at last we come to conclusion.As to positive effects,we first introduce positive effects,then present the opposite or different opinions,next prove effects with cases (studies,facts...),at last we come to conclusion.
Step 4 Group discussion:1.Next we’ll have a group discussion.Rows 1,3,5,please turn back.Group 1 and Group 3 discuss the advantages and disadvantages of computers;Group 2 and Group 4 discuss the advantages and disadvantages of TVs.2.Then invite some students to give us their answers.Meanwhile,the teacher writes them on the blackboard.About computers:advantages(search for information,play games,send e-mail and talk online,shop online,see films and watch live games);disadvantages(harm our eyes,waste time,reduce face-to-face talk,do illegal things).About TVs:advantages(know the latest news,see films,watch live games,learn different information;disadvantages(harm our eyes,reduce family communications,waste time).
Step 5 Writing:We have four different topics.You may choose any of them to write.1.Computers are useful.2.Not all like to use computers.3.TV is excellent.4.Not all people like TV.Let’s begin writing.Try to finish it in class.(24 minutes later)Now let’s enjoy one essay.Invite a student to read his/her essay.
Step 6 Homework:1.Improve your essay carefully.2.Read the text learned today and try to get further understanding.3.Revise the important expressions in this unit.
二、教学各步骤的时间和设计说明
第一步导入用1分钟,简洁明了,开门见山引导学生思考,激发学习积极性和兴趣。第二步阅读理解用7分钟,努力培养学生的自主学习和概括能力。第三步结构分析用4分钟,训练学生的分析能力和归纳能力。第四步小组讨论用8分钟,培养学生的合作精神和探究意识。第五步限时写作用25分钟,训练学生在固定时间里的写作能力。最后的家庭作业可以养成学生当天复习和阶段复习的学习习惯。
三、教学反思
教材只有一篇关于手机对人类健康有潜在危害的课文和一个列举电子产品优劣的练习,虽然课文中的语言点和语法点简单,但是文章结构很好,列举电子产品优劣对于高二学生来说容易,所以我这堂课在原教材基础上进行了彻底的创新,设计成了一节学习写事物正反面的写作课。事实上,这样的以课本教材为基本材料的英语延伸的或者深化的课堂教学确实是有效的。1.师生都注重教材的教与学,通过这样的学习,学生获得英语的基础知识和运用能力,避免目前存在的重做题、轻教材的现象。2.老师挖掘教材内容,边教知识边训练学生的听、说、读、写能力,不必抛开课本去做单一的集中训练,节省重复环节,就是节省宝贵的时间和精力。3.老师不拘泥于课本、驾驭课本的能力、做事重视实效和方法等,肯定会潜移默化地影响学生,这点非常有益于学生的终身发展。
这堂课上得很顺利,学生们积极思考,热心讨论,认真写作。有两个不理想的地方,一个是最后有五名学生没写完,请他们课后接着完成;第二是学生在短时间里写作,来不及反复检查,会存在一些语法错误或用词不当,这个需要适当、足够的训练来克服。我们只有坚持不断地用科学有效的方法来鼓励和指导学生写作才能达到提高英语写作能力的目标。