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2型糖尿病β细胞功能随着糖尿病诊断年限的延长而进行性下降,随后无论采用何种治疗,都无法避免β细胞功能进行性下降。因而,从β细胞保护角度考虑,需要寻求更合适的治疗方法。传统磺脲类降糖药格列苯脲在体外试验中显示出有促使β细胞凋亡作用,而非磺脲类促泌剂(如瑞格列奈)可以使凋亡水平降低。另外选择性钾通道开放剂和胰升糖素样肽1(GLP-1)则不仅可以降低血糖,还具有显著的β细胞保护作用。同时GLP-1还显示出对心脏的保护作用。
Beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes decreases progressively with the extension of the diagnosis of diabetes, and subsequent decline in beta-cell function can not be avoided regardless of treatment used. Therefore, from the perspective of β-cell protection, the need to find a more appropriate treatment. The traditional sulfonylurea glycyrrhizin showed in vitro experiments to promote β-cell apoptosis, while non-sulfonylurea secretagogues (such as repaglinide) could reduce the level of apoptosis. In addition, selective potassium channel openers and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) not only reduce blood glucose, but also have significant β-cell protection. At the same time GLP-1 also shows a protective effect on the heart.