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目的了解2005—2014年嘉善县育龄妇女死亡原因及变化趋势,为开展妇女保健工作提供依据。方法从嘉善县15~49周岁户籍育龄妇女死亡数据库导出2004年10月—2014年9月的数据,对各年死亡率、死亡率变化趋势、死因分布及变化趋势进行统计分析。结果 2005—2014年嘉善县育龄妇女共死亡551例,死亡率为55.67/10万,其中恶性肿瘤死亡271例,死亡率为27.38/10万,居首位;其次为意外伤害(15.26/10万)。十年间嘉善县育龄妇女死亡率呈逐年下降趋势,死亡率从2005年的66.01/10万下降至2014年的48.96/10万,下降25.83%(APC=-4.48%,95%CI:-8.1~-0.7,P=0.027)。15~29岁主要死因为意外伤害,30~49岁主要死因为恶性肿瘤。育龄妇女意外伤害死亡率呈逐年下降趋势,死亡率从2005年的16.25/10万下降至2014年的10.64/10万,下降34.48%(APC=-8.70%,95%CI:-15.5~-1.4,P=0.026),其中交通事故居意外伤害死因首位,占总意外伤害死亡的49.01%,死亡率为7.48/10万。恶性肿瘤死亡率除肝癌呈明显下降趋势外(APC=-13.20%,95%CI:-24.0~-0.9,P=0.039),恶性肿瘤总死亡率和其他恶性肿瘤死亡率均未见明显变化趋势(P>0.05),肺癌居恶性肿瘤死因首位,占14.74%,死亡率为4.04/10万,其次为乳腺癌(3.84/10万)。结论嘉善县育龄妇女主要死因为恶性肿瘤和意外伤害,应有针对性地加强肺癌、乳腺癌等恶性肿瘤筛查力度。
Objective To understand the causes and trends of death among women of childbearing age in Jiashan from 2005 to 2014 and provide the basis for women’s health care. Methods The data from October 2004 to September 2014 were derived from the database of death of women of childbearing age from 15 to 49 years old in Jiashan County. The data of mortality, mortality, death causes and trends were statistically analyzed. Results In 2005-2014, there were 551 childbearing age women in Jiashan County with a mortality rate of 55.67 / 100 000, of which 271 were malignant tumors with a mortality rate of 27.38 / 100 000, ranking the first place; followed by accidental injuries (15.26 / 100 000 ). The death rate of childbearing women in Jiashan County showed a declining trend in a decade. The mortality rate dropped from 66.01 / 100000 in 2005 to 48.96 / 100000 in 2014, down by 25.83% (APC = -4.48%, 95% CI: -8.1 ~ -0.7, P = 0.027). The main cause of death from 15 to 29 years of age was accidental injury, and the major cause of death from 30 to 49 years was malignancy. The accidental injury mortality rate of childbearing women showed a declining trend year by year. The mortality rate dropped from 16.25 / 100000 in 2005 to 10.64 / 100000 in 2014, down by 34.48% (APC = -8.70%, 95% CI: -15.5 ~ -1.4 , P = 0.026). Among them, traffic accidents caused the first cause of accidental injuries, accounting for 49.01% of the total accidental injuries and the death rate was 7.48 / 100000. The mortality rate of malignant tumor was obviously lower than that of liver cancer (APC = -13.20%, 95% CI: -24.0-0.9, P = 0.039), and there was no obvious change tendency of the total mortality of malignant tumor and other malignant tumors (P> 0.05). The first cause of death was lung cancer with malignant tumor (14.74%), the death rate was 4.04 / 100000, followed by breast cancer (3.84 / 100000). Conclusion The main causes of death among women of childbearing age in Jiashan County are malignant tumors and accidental injuries. The screening of malignant tumors such as lung cancer and breast cancer should be intensified in a targeted manner.