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以晋大70(抗旱型)和晋豆26(敏感型)2个大豆品种为材料,采用盆栽方法,在鼓粒期设置充分供水、轻度干旱和重度干旱3种水分处理,研究了干旱胁迫对大豆鼓粒期叶片光合能力和根系生长的影响.结果表明:随着干旱程度加剧,2个品种的叶面积、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、叶片气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、株质量、株高、籽粒产量和收获指数均降低;根长和根质量在轻度干旱胁迫下增加,在重度干旱胁迫下减少;根冠比随干旱程度加剧而升高.重度干旱胁迫下,抗旱型品种晋大70根冠比的增幅达到135.7%,大于敏感型品种晋豆26根冠比的增幅(116.7%),晋大70的叶面积和叶绿素含量分别为对照的69.3%和85.5%,均优于晋豆26,晋大70的气孔导度和净光合速率分别下降了67.9%和77.9%,降幅均小于晋豆26,晋大70的收获指数的降幅为43.8%,小于晋豆26(78.8%).不同干旱处理下,2个品种的叶面积、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度两两之间均呈显著正相关;株质量、株高、根长、根质量、籽粒产量、收获指数两两之间均呈显著正相关;根冠比与根质量呈显著正相关,而与其他5个指标呈显著负相关.
Two soybean cultivars, Jinda 70 (drought type) and Jindu 26 (sensitive type), were used as materials to establish three water treatments with sufficient water supply, mild drought and severe drought at the stage of druming. The effects of drought stress On the photosynthetic abilities and root growth of soybean leaves at grain-filling stage.The results showed that leaf area, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, leaf stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, Strain number, plant height, grain yield and harvest index decreased; root length and root quality increased under mild drought stress and decreased under severe drought stress, and root / shoot ratio increased with the severity of drought. Under severe drought stress, Compared with the susceptible cultivar Jindou, the crown-crown ratio of drought-tolerant cultivar Jin 70 increased by 135.7% (116.7%), and the leaf area and chlorophyll content of Jinda 70 were 69.3% and 85.5% of the control respectively , Both of which were better than that of Jindou26. The stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate of Jindong70 decreased by 67.9% and 77.9%, respectively, and the decrease was less than that of Jindou26. The harvest index of Jinda70 decreased by 43.8% 26 (78.8%). Leaf area of two cultivars under different drought treatments , Chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration were significantly positive correlation between the two; plant quality, plant height, root length, root quality, grain yield, harvest index between two There was a significant positive correlation between root and shoot ratio and root quality, but negatively correlated with the other five indexes.