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为了实现大空间几何量测量的全局定向和精度控制,需要在空间内构建精密三维坐标控制场。目前,利用激光跟踪仪单站建立坐标控制场是最有效手段,但面对局部更高的测量精度需求,必须减小全局定向过程中的转站误差,增强区域的控制场精度。利用激光跟踪仪干涉测距精度高的特性,并用跟踪仪靶球座配合碳纤维杆现场构造多个空间长度基准(微米量级精度),长度基准可灵活布置于所需空间区域,作为约束加入到跟踪仪多站位对控制点的冗余测量过程当中,从而克服单站空间遮挡问题并优化跟踪仪测角误差,进一步提高所构建长度基准的控制点坐标精度,实现区域测量场的精度增强。实验结果表明,该方法可使全局定向精度在10 m测量范围内优于0.04 mm,进一步满足现场大空间几何量测量的高精度要求。
In order to achieve the global orientation and precision control of large space geometric measurement, it is necessary to construct a precise three-dimensional coordinate control field in space. At present, it is the most effective method to establish the coordinate control field by laser tracker single station. However, in the face of the need of local higher measurement precision, the station error in the global orientation process must be reduced and the control field precision in the area enhanced. By using laser tracker to intervene the high accuracy of ranging, and constructing a plurality of spatial length bases (micron order precision) with the trackball ball seat and the carbon fiber rod in the field, the length reference can be flexibly arranged in the required space area and added as a constraint In order to overcome the problem of single station spatial obstruction and optimize the angle error of tracking instrument, the coordinate accuracy of the control point of the constructed length reference is further improved, and the accuracy of the regional measurement field is enhanced. The experimental results show that this method can make the global orientation precision better than 0.04 mm within the measuring range of 10 m, and further meet the high-precision requirements of the measurement of large space geometric quantities in the field.