什么是语气、语调?语调和语气是什么关系?有人说语调就是说话时的抑扬顿挫,贯穿于全句,有人则认为是一种语流的调子,主要表现在句尾。有人说语气就是口气,有人则认为是全句所包含的情绪。至于二者的关系,多数人主张语调是表现语气的手段,但也有人提出语气是语调里所包含的一部分内容。①甚至有人提出这样的观点,认为语调是一种“没有自己的成段的音素”的“助词”。②这些意见虽然没有展开论争,但分歧是一直存在的。我们以为,要全面展开本文的论题,对这些分歧是不能避而不谈的。 What is tone, intonation? What is the relationship between intonation and tone? Some people say that intonation is the cadence when speaking, which runs through the whole sentence. Some people think it is a tone of the tune, which is mainly manifested at the end of the sentence. Some people say that tone is tone, while others think it is the emotions contained in the sentence. As for the relationship between the two, most people advocate that tone is a means to express tone, but some people also put forward the tone is part of the tone included. (1) Some people even put forward the view that intonation is a kind of “auxiliary word” that has no phoneme of its own. Although these opinions are not in dispute, the differences have always existed. We think it is inevitable that these disagreements should be avoided in order to fully launch the thesis of this article.