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采用短行程随机组合、短行程状态转移、驾驶模式片段状态转移和速度状态转移法分别建立和比较城市特征驾驶工况。以成都市为例,设计实验测量车辆实际运行参数。测量在选定的起终点间的5条行驶路线上进行。利用引擎扫描仪和GPS采集汽车行驶数据,并对其数据进行处理。特征驾驶工况选择依据是所建候选工况与实测工况在评价参数间的最小差异而定。特征驾驶工况按速度分布、速度-加速度频率分布(SAFD)、汽车比功率(VSP)分布比例及排放预测进行比较。4个特征驾驶工况与实际工况的平均相对误差如下:速度分布分别为17.4%、11.3%、13.9%、25.5%;SAFD在50%左右;VSP分布分别为19.1%、18.5%、23.4%、29.4%;而排放预测均在3%以内。结果表明采用短行程状态转移建立的特征驾驶工况较其它3种方法更接近实际测量。
The driving characteristics of the city were established and compared by using a combination of short-stroke random combination, short-stroke state transition, driving mode fragment state transition and speed state transition method respectively. Taking Chengdu as an example, the experiment is designed to measure the actual operating parameters of vehicles. The measurement is made on the five driving routes selected from the destination. The use of engine scanner and GPS acquisition of vehicle driving data, and its data processing. Characteristic driving conditions are selected based on the minimum difference between the evaluation parameters of the candidate conditions and the measured conditions. Characteristic driving conditions are compared according to speed distribution, speed-acceleration frequency distribution (SAFD), car specific power (VSP) distribution ratio and emission prediction. The average relative error of the four characteristic driving conditions and the actual working conditions are as follows: the speed distribution is 17.4%, 11.3%, 13.9% and 25.5% respectively; the SAFD is about 50%; the VSP distribution is 19.1%, 18.5% and 23.4% , 29.4%; while the emission forecast are within 3%. The results show that the characteristic driving conditions established by short-stroke state transition are closer to the actual measurement than the other three methods.