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目的研究基因缺陷型2型糖尿病模型动物db/db小鼠的早期生物学特性,为db/db小鼠应用于降糖药物的研究奠定基础。方法采用db/db小鼠为模型组动物,db/m小鼠为对照组动物,测定两组小鼠的体质量、食量、饮水量、空腹血糖、正常饮食血糖、糖耐量、胰岛素耐量;于第14周眼底静脉丛取血,分离血清,测定糖化血清蛋白(GSP)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC);取肝、胰腺、腹部脂肪等主要脏器组织进行组织病理学检查。结果与对照组比较,db/db小鼠体质量、食量、饮水量显著增加;空腹血糖及正常饮食血糖显著升高,整个实验期血糖水平稳定;糖耐量异常、胰岛素耐量异常,对外源胰岛素敏感性显著降低;血清GSP、TG、TC含量显著升高,腹部脂肪质量显著增加,肝组织不同程度的空泡变性,脂肪组织中脂肪细胞体积增大,胰腺中胰岛细胞胞浆减少、血管扩张。结论 db/db小鼠早期脂质代谢紊乱,血糖、血脂显著升高,糖耐量及胰岛素耐量异常,血糖水平稳定,是研究2型糖尿病较为理想的模型。
Objective To study the early biological characteristics of db / db mice with genotype 2 diabetes mellitus and lay a foundation for the study of glucagon-lowering drugs in db / db mice. Methods db / db mice were used as model group and db / m mice as control group. The body weight, food intake, water intake, fasting blood glucose, normal dietary glucose, glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance of the two groups were measured. At the 14th week, the blood was taken from the venous plexus and the serum was separated to determine the glycosylated serum protein (GSP), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). Histopathological examination was performed on major organs such as liver, pancreas and abdominal fat . Results Compared with the control group, the body weight, food intake and drinking water of db / db mice increased significantly. The fasting blood glucose and normal diet blood glucose were significantly increased, and the blood glucose level was stable throughout the experimental period. Impaired glucose tolerance, abnormal insulin tolerance and sensitivity to exogenous insulin The serum GSP, TG and TC levels were significantly increased, the abdominal fat mass was significantly increased, different degrees of vacuolar degeneration of liver tissue, fat cells in adipose tissue volume increased, pancreatic islet cells in the cytoplasm decreased, vasodilation. Conclusion In early stage of db / db mice dyslipidemia, blood glucose, blood lipids were significantly increased, impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, blood glucose levels were stable, is an ideal model for the study of type 2 diabetes.