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目的了解某市2014年恶性肿瘤死亡的流行特征,为肿瘤的预防控制提供科学依据。方法根据某市肿瘤登记处登记的2014年某市恶性肿瘤死亡资料,按性别、年龄别与肿瘤别进行死亡率分层,结合某市2014年人口数据,统计分析某市恶性肿瘤粗死亡率、中标率及世标率等指标。标化率采用2000年全国人口普查和Segi’s标准人口结构为标准。结果某市2014年肿瘤登记调查覆盖729 212人,恶性肿瘤死亡病例673例,恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为92.29/10万,男性108.05/10万,女性77.00/10万,中标率为54.58/10万,世标率为53.77/10万。男性恶性肿瘤粗死亡率高于女性(χ~2=19.06,P<0.001)。气管、支气管与肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌、胆囊癌、前列腺癌、胰腺癌、白血病、乳腺癌、食管癌是某市主要的肿瘤死因,约占全部肿瘤死亡病例的75.49%。从35岁左右开始死亡率随着年龄增长而升高,65岁以后急剧快速上升,男性上升幅度大于女性,85岁以上组达到高峰。胆囊癌女性高于男性,但差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.63,P=0.43)。男性肺癌含气管、支气管与肝癌死亡率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。消化器官、呼吸器官是肿瘤死亡的主要两大系统部位。结论某市恶性肿瘤死亡率略低于全国水平,应加强肿瘤综合防控措施,有效降低某市肿瘤死亡率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of death from malignancies in a city in 2014 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of tumors. Methods According to the death data of malignant tumors in a certain city in 2014 registered by a city tumor registry, stratified by sex, age and tumor mortality, combined with 2014 population data of a certain city, a statistical analysis was made on the crude fatality rate, The winning rate and the world standard rate and other indicators. Standardization rate using the 2000 national census and Segi’s standard population structure as the standard. Results A total of 729 212 cancer registration cases were covered in a city in 2014, with 673 cases of malignant tumor deaths. The crude death rate of malignant tumors was 92.29 / 100000, 108.05 / 100000 for males and 77.00 / 100000 for females, the successful rate was 54.58 / 100000 , The world standard rate of 53.77 / 100000. The crude mortality of malignant tumors in males was higher than that in females (χ ~ 2 = 19.06, P <0.001). Trachea, bronchus and lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, gallbladder cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, leukemia, breast cancer and esophageal cancer are the major tumor causes of death in a city, accounting for 75.49% of all cancer deaths. From the age of 35, the mortality rate increased with age and rapidly increased rapidly after age 65. The rate of increase of men was higher than that of women and reached the peak of 85 and over. Gallbladder cancer in women than men, but no significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 0.63, P = 0.43). Male patients with lung cancer tracheal, bronchial and liver cancer mortality was higher than the female, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). Digestive organs, respiratory organs are the two major tumor site death system. Conclusion The death rate of malignant tumor in a certain city is slightly lower than the national average level, and comprehensive cancer prevention and control measures should be strengthened to effectively reduce the tumor mortality rate in a certain city.