目的编制适用于我国大陆地区新毕业护士角色转换压力问卷并检验其信效度。方法依据Karasek的“工作负荷-控制-支持”理论,综合对8名新毕业护士的访谈结果,以及现有相关评价工具拟定条目池,通过专家咨询、预调查形成问卷初稿。对296位新毕业护士进行调查,测定问卷信效度。结果适用于大陆地区新毕业护士角色转换压力问卷共包括35个条目,探索性因子分析共产生4个公因子,方差累计贡献率为45.157%。总问卷的Cronbach’sα系数为0.894、分半信度系数为0.729、重测信度系数为0.875、内容效度比为0.954。结论本研究所编制的新毕业护士角色转换压力问卷具有较好的信效度,符合心理学测量要求,可作为量性测评我国大陆地区新毕业护士角色转换压力的工具。 Objective To develop a stress questionnaire for the role of new graduated nurses in Mainland China and test its validity and reliability. Methods Based on Karasek’s “Workload-Control-Support” theory, the interviews with 8 newly graduated nurses and the existing relevant evaluation tools were drawn up. According to Karasek’s “workload-control-support” theory, pre-investigation questionnaires were formed through expert consultation and pre-investigation. A total of 296 newly graduated nurses were investigated to determine the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Results A total of 35 items were included in the pressure questionnaire for role change of newly graduated nurses in mainland China. Exploratory factor analysis produced 4 common factors and the cumulative contribution rate of variance was 45.157%. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the total questionnaire was 0.894, the semi-reliability coefficient was 0.729, the retest reliability coefficient was 0.875, and the content-validity ratio was 0.954. Conclusions The questionnaire about the pressure of the new graduated nurses’ role-changing questionnaire prepared by this study is in good agreement with the psychological test and can be used as a tool to quantitatively evaluate the pressure of the role of the new graduated nurses in mainland China.