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目的:了解北京潞河医院(以下简称我院)2016年病原菌的分布及耐药性情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据.方法:对我院2016年1-12月主要病原菌分布、构成及耐药情况进行回顾性分析.结果:共收集3 038份阳性标本.排列前5位的病原菌依次为肺炎克雷伯菌378株(12.4％)、铜绿假单胞菌301株(9.9％)、金黄色葡萄球菌284株(9.3％)、大肠埃希菌281株(9.2％)、鲍曼不动杆菌263株(8.7％).以痰标本1 165份(46.2％)、分泌物标本578份(22.9％)、尿液标本325份(12.9％)和血液标本214份(8.5％)为主.耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)对抗菌药物的耐药率明显高于甲氧西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)对抗菌药物的耐药率,MRSA对多种抗菌药物均有较高的耐药性,未发现对万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌.肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌对青霉素类药物耐药率高.铜绿假单胞菌对头孢呋辛、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、头孢西丁耐药率达90％以上.鲍曼不动杆菌对多种抗菌药物耐药率较高,对二代头孢耐药率达90％以上,对碳青霉烯类耐药率达60％.结论:我院病原菌整体耐药情况不容乐观.临床应加强对病原菌的耐药、敏感性监测,并根据药敏试验结果合理、规范地选用抗菌药物.“,”Objective:To investigate the clinical distribution and drug resistance of main pathogens in Beijing Luhe Hospital in 2016,so as to provide scientific basis for reasonable clinical use of antibiotics.Methods:The distribution of isolated pathogenic bacteria and the drug sensitivity results of patients were analyzed from January to December in 2016.Results:A total of 3 038 positive specimens were collected in our hospital.The top 5 pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae (378 specimens,12.4％),pseudomonas aeruginosa (301 specimens,9.9％),staphylococcus aureus (284 specimens,9.3％),escherichia coli (281 specimens,9.2％),and acinetobacter Bauman (263 specimens,8.7％).There were 1 165 sputum specimens (46.2％),578 secretion specimens (22.9％),325 urine specimens (12.9％) and 214 blood specimens (8.5％).The drug resistance rate of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus was obviously higher than that of methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus,MRSA has high resistance to most antimicrobial agents without strains being resistant to vancomycin or linezolid.The resistance rate ofpseudomonas aeruginosa to cefuroxime,ceftriaxone,cefotaxime,cefoxitin was above 90％.The resistance rate ofacinetobacter baumannii to various antibiotics was high,and the resistance rate of the second generation cephalosporins was over 90％,and the resistance rate to carbapenems was 60％.Conclusion:The overall drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in our hospital is not optimistic.Antimicrobial resistance and sensitivity monitoring should be strengthened,and antimicrobial agents should be selected rationally and according to the results of drug sensitivity test.