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在我国北方水源区,水土流失严重和水资源严重短缺是最主要的生态和社会问题,传统的小流域治理模式已不适应形势的发展,甚至阻碍区域经济社会的全面进步,其水土保持生态建设方略应是把流域上下游水资源优化配置,将全流域的水资源可持续利用作为今后水土流失治理的重要目标,建设生态输水小流域。生态输水小流域治理以生态补偿为前提,强调对小流域进行生态功能分区与定位,总体治理思路是集水区总体弱化治理、生产生活区强化治理、复合区适度治理,水土保持措施配置以最大限度地向下游输水、输好水为原则。
In the water source area of northern China, the serious soil and water loss and water shortage are the most important ecological and social problems. The traditional small watershed management model has not adapted to the development of the situation and even hinder the all-round economic and social progress of the region. The ecological construction of soil and water conservation The strategy should be to optimize the allocation of water resources in the upper and lower reaches of the basin, and to make the sustainable use of water resources in the whole basin an important goal of soil and water loss control in the future. Ecological water conveyance Small watershed management takes the ecological compensation as the premise, emphasizing the ecological function zoning and positioning of the small watershed. The overall management ideas are overall weakening catchment management, intensive management of production and living areas, proper control of multiple district, and allocation of soil and water conservation measures Maximum to the downstream water, lose water for the principle.