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为研究和解决阴山北麓农牧交错带地区降水资源不足、雨养农业产量不稳的问题,于2011~2012年在内蒙古武川县进行了不同垄宽和沟宽的集雨措施栽培马铃薯的试验,测定了沟垄集雨处理下土壤水分状况、马铃薯生长、产量和水分利用效率。结果表明:沟垄集雨技术提高了种植区土壤水分,增幅16.1%~26.0%。马铃薯生育期内的叶面积指数和单株干物重均高于对照处理。沟垄集雨处理的商品薯率较平作高5.0~30.5%,商品薯产量高于平作,垄宽1.0m沟宽1.0m集雨处理商品薯产量平作增产52.0%~81.0%。较平作相比,集雨处理提高了马铃薯水分利用效率。沟垄集雨技术对阴山北麓农牧交错带地区雨养农业规避干旱气候风险以实现马铃薯稳产具有重要的应用价值。
In order to study and solve the problem of inadequate rainfall resources and instability of rain-fed agriculture in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in the northern part of Yinshan, pot experiments were conducted in Wuchuan County of Inner Mongolia from 2011 to 2012 to collect potatoes with rain-harvesting measures , The soil moisture status, potato growth, yield and water use efficiency under ridge-ridge rainwater harvesting were measured. The results showed that furrow-ridge rainwater harvesting increased the soil moisture in the planting area, an increase of 16.1% ~ 26.0%. Leaf area index and single plant dry matter weight in potato during the growth period were higher than the control. The potato harvesting rate for rainwater harvesting was 5.0 ~ 30.5% higher than that for the flat crop, and the yield of commercial potato was higher than that of the average yield. The 1.0m width of 1.0m furrow width was increased by 52.0% ~ 81.0%. Rainfall treatment improves the water use efficiency of potato compared with that of flattened. The furrow-ridge rainwater harvesting technique has an important application value to avoid the drought climate risk and realize the stable yield of potato in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in the north of Yinshan.