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以5.12汶川地震楼梯结构实际震害调查结果为基础,分析了地震层间位移条件下楼梯结构的受力特点和破坏机理,指出梯段及平台板受到层间剪切变形引起的拉力和压力作用,可能引发楼梯断裂、板底钢筋锚固失效及平台扭转等问题,对装配式楼梯则可能造成楼梯坍塌;提出了将梯段板上端整体连接、下端简支的构造作法,可以消除层间位移引起的梯段轴力。
Based on the survey results of the actual earthquake damage of stair structure in 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake, the stress characteristics and failure mechanism of stair structure under the condition of inter-layer displacement are analyzed. It is pointed out that the action of tension and pressure caused by interlaminar shear deformation of step and platform plate , Which may lead to the problems of staircase breakage, failure of anchor reinforcement on the bottom plate and torsion of the platform, and the like, which may cause the stairs to collapse on the assembly stairs. A construction method of integrally connecting the upper end of the ladder board and simply supported at the lower end may be proposed to eliminate interlayer displacement The axial force of the ladder.