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目的:探讨老年急性心肌梗死的临床特点。方法:回顾性分析我院2008年1月—2008年12月收治的60岁以上老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者78例的病历资料,将其作为观察组(或称老年组);以同期住院年龄<60岁AMI患者为对照组,分析比较两组发病诱因、症状表现、梗死部位及预后。结果:老年组劳累诱发急性心肌梗死率为19.23%,显著低于对照组(P<0.01);老年组患者典型心肌梗死胸痛22例,占33.33%,显著低于对照组(P<0.01),而无胸痛表现者显著高于对照组(P<0.05),两组心肌梗死主要位于前壁、侧壁和下壁,但无显著差异;老年组死亡率高达24.36%,显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:老年急性心肌梗死死亡率高,临床症状不典型,应将心电图和血清心肌酶作为老年患者的常规检查项目,以早期发现心肌梗死,降低死亡率。
Objective: To investigate the clinical features of elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: The clinical data of 78 elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) over 60 years of age admitted from January 2008 to December 2008 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were treated as observation group (or elderly group) AMI patients aged <60 years old as the control group, analysis of the incidence of the two groups, symptoms, infarction and prognosis. Results: In the elderly group, the incidence of acute myocardial infarction was 19.23%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.01); 22 cases of typical myocardial infarction chest pain in the elderly group (33.33%) were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.01) While those without chest pain were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The myocardial infarction in the two groups was mainly located in the anterior wall, the lateral wall and the inferior wall, but there was no significant difference. The mortality in the elderly group was as high as 24.36% P <0.05). Conclusion: The mortality rate of elderly acute myocardial infarction is high and the clinical symptoms are not typical. ECG and serum myocardial enzymes should be taken as routine examination items in elderly patients to detect myocardial infarction in early stage and reduce mortality.